Necrosis intestinal, una complicación infrecuente de la nutrición enteral por yeyunostomía / Mesenteric necrosis, a rare complication of feeding jejunostomy

RESUMEN La nutrición enteral es parte importante del soporte vital avanzado en el paciente crítico, y ha demostrado ser más fisiológica, económica y con resultados superiores a la nutrición parenteral. La yeyunostomía para alimentación enteral está indicada cuando no es posible la alimentación por vía oral y está contraindicada la utilización de una sonda nasogástrica o nasoyeyunal de alimentación. Es una vía de alimentación con escasa morbilidad, aunque no está exenta de complicaciones, y algunas de ellas pueden ser graves. Comunicamos un caso de necrosis intestinal vinculado a la alimentación enteral por yeyunostomía en un paciente sometido a una gastrectomía oncológica.

ABSTRACT Enteral nutrition is an important component of advanced life support in the critically ill patient, and has demonstrated to be more physiologic, cheaper and with better results than parenteral nutrition. Jejunostomy for enteral nutrition is indicated when the oral route is impossible and the use of a nasogastric or nasojejunal feeding tube is contraindicated. Although the rate of complications associated with enteral nutrition through jejunostomy is low, they may occur and be serious. We report a case of bowel necrosis associated with a jejunostomy performed for enteral nutrition in a patient who underwent oncologic gastrectomy.

Central nervous system high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR alteration: a short report

Central nervous system high-grade neuroepithelial tumors with BCOR alteration are rare. Currently, there are only 24 cases reported in the literature. These tumors are characterized by a change involving the BCOR gene and have a poor prognosis. Studies are needed to improve the current therapy and outcomes of these neoplasms. This case report describes the clinical history of a patient with this disease and aims to contribute to the current knowledge about this new entity.

Epidemiological evaluation and survival of children with acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract Objective: This study aims to describe the epidemiological characteristics and survival rates of children with acute myeloid leukemia treated in hospitals in southern Brazil and compare them with international data. Methods: A multicenter cohort study was conducted with retrospective data collection of all new patients with acute myeloid leukemia under 18 treated at five referral centers in pediatric hematology-oncology in southern Brazil between January 2005 and December 2015. Results: Of the 149 patients with acute myeloid leukemia, 63.0% (n = 94) were male. The median age at diagnosis was 10.5 years (range 0-18 years) and 40.3% (n = 60) had a white blood cell count below 50,000/mm2. The most common Franco-American-British (FAB) subtype was M3 (n = 43, 28.9%). Nine (6.0%) patients had central nervous system disease. In M3 patients, overall survival (OS) was 69.2% and 3-year event-free survival was 67.7%; in non-M3 patients, these rates were 45.3% and 36.7%, respectively. In non-M3 patients, OS was significantly different between transplanted (61.8%) and non-transplanted (38.2%) patients (p = 0.031). Conclusions: These results show a higher prevalence of the Franco-American-British M3 subtype than that reported in the international literature, as well as a decreased OS compared with that of developed countries. Further multicenter Brazilian studies with a larger sample size are encouraged to better understand the characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia, and to improve the treatment and prognosis in this population.

Dermatosis perforantes en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica durante el tratamiento hemodialítico / Perforation dermatosis in patitnt with chronic renal failure and undergoing maintenance hemodyalisis

Se evalúan en forma retrospectiva 130 pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento hemodialítico. Quince pacientes presentaron dermatosis perforantes adquiridas (DPA)(11,53 por ciento); 7 casos correspondín a foliculitis perforante (FP); 4 a enfermedad de Kyrle (EK); 2 a colagenosis perforante reactiva (CPR); un caso a granuloma anular perforante (GAP) y un paciente con elastosis perforante serpiginosa (EPS). Es de destacar que algunos pacientes presentaron más de una (DPA), ya sea en el mismo momento en distintas biopsias o en otras biopsias, realizadas años después del primer diagnóstico. No siempre es fácil realizar un correcto diagnóstico basado sólo en el cuadro clínico, dada la similitud de presentación. Teniendo en cuenta la clasificación de Patterson, llamamos a estas afecciones como dermatosis perforantes adquiridas (DPA) y sugerimos agregar los aspectos histológicos que nos permitan identificar el tipo, ejemplo: "DPA tipo Kyrle" o "con rasgos de"; "DPA tipo foliculitis perforante" o "con rasgos de". El seguimiento prolongado permitió evaluar tanto los aspectos clínicos como los histopatológicos, así como los diferentes métodos terapéuticos, de los cuales proponemos las lámparas de cuarzo caliente como recurso terapéutico eficaz